ABSTRACT
The Telomeric Repeat-containing RNAs (TERRA) participate in the homeostasis of telomeres in higher eukaryotes. Here, we investigated the expression of TERRA in Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma brucei and found evidences for its expression as a specific RNA class. The trypanosomatid TERRA are heterogeneous in size and partially polyadenylated. The levels of TERRA transcripts appear to be modulated through the life cycle in both trypanosomatids investigated, suggesting that TERRA play a stage-specific role in the life cycle of these early-branching eukaryotes.
Subject(s)
Trypanosoma brucei brucei/genetics , RNA/genetics , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics , Telomerase/genetics , Leishmania/geneticsABSTRACT
ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To determine the genetic diversity of MDR P. aeruginosa strains isolated from burn and wound infections in Ahvaz, Iran, by ERIC-PCR. METHODS: From total 99 strains of P. aeruginosa defined as MDR by using drug susceptibility testing, 66 were subjected to ERIC-PCR analysis, comprises 53 strains isolated from burn infection, and 13 randomly selected strains from wound infection with higher resistance to combinations of more numbers of drugs. RESULTS: Eight clusters (I to VIII), and 50 single clones were generated for tested MDR isolates analyzed by ERIC-PCR. The high heterogeneity was observed among the isolates from burn infections including 16 isolates which were categorized in eight clusters and 37 single clones. The isolates in clusters II, III, VI, VIII showed 100% similarity. CONCLUSIONS: The high level of genotypic heterogeneity in P. aeruginosa strains demonstrated no genetic correlation between them. Extremely high drug resistance in isolates from burn, suggests that efficient control measures and proper antibiotic policy should be observed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genetics , Pseudomonas Infections/microbiology , Wound Infection/microbiology , Burns/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolation & purification , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , GenotypeABSTRACT
Coxiella burnetii is the agent of Q fever , an emergent worldwide zoonosis of wide clinical spectrum. Although C. burnetii infection is typically associated with acute infection, atypical pneumonia and flu-like symptoms, endocarditis, osteoarticular manifestations and severe disease are possible, especially when the patient has a suppressed immune system; however, these severe complications are typically neglected. This study reports the sequencing of the repetitive element IS1111 of the transposase gene of C. burnetii from blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from a patient with severe pneumonia following methotrexate therapy, resulting in the molecular diagnosis of Q fever in a patient who had been diagnosed with active seronegative polyarthritis two years earlier. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first documented case of the isolation of C. burnetii DNA from a BAL sample.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Arthritis/microbiology , Coxiella burnetii/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Q Fever/diagnosis , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics , Transposases/genetics , Acute Disease , Bronchoalveolar Lavage , Coxiella burnetii/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Cannabis sativa L. is a multiple-use plant that provides raw material for the production of seed oil, natural fiber for textiles, automotive and pulp industries. It has also been used in insulating boards, ropes, varnishes, animal feed, and as medicinal agents. Cannabis has potential to be used for phytoremediation: however, its cultivation is strictly controlled due to its psychoactive nature and usage in producing drugs such as marijuana, and hashish. In this study, psychoactive type Cannabis samples, which were seized from 23 different locations of Turkey, and nine hemp type Cannabis accessions, as well as an unknown accession were used. Our interest was to identify the genetic relatedness of the seized samples and to separate drug and hemp type plants. Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSRs) were employed for analysis based on single plant material (SET1) and bulked samples of them (SET2). Data was analysed via cluster analysis and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA). PCoA analyses, by using SET1 and SET2, were able to efficiently discriminate the seized samples from the fiber type accessions. However, separation of the plants was not clear via unweighted pair-group method using arithmetic average (UPGMA) dendogram in SET1, while they were clearly separated in SET2. Hemp type accessions showed high levels of variation compared to drug type Cannabis both in SET1 and SET2.
Subject(s)
Cannabis/genetics , DNA Primers , Genetic Variation , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Molecular Biology/methods , DNA, Plant , Genetic Markers , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Genetic , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/geneticsABSTRACT
This study evaluates the effectiveness of three different molecular techniques, repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR), enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus sequence PCR (ERIC-PCR) and the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) for rapid typing of Photobacterium damselae ssp. piscicida strains isolated from different species of marine fish and geographic areas. The results obtained by the three methods showed that RAPD and ERIC-PCR were more discriminative for suitable rapid typing of Ph. damselae ssp. piscicida than REP-PCR. The analysis of DNA banding patterns generated by both molecular methods (RAPD and ERIC-PCR) clearly separated the strains into two main groups that strongly correlated with their geographic origin. Moreover, the REP-PCR analysis was less reproducible than the RAPD and ERIC-PCR methods and does not allow the establishment of genetic groups. RAPD and ERIC-PCR constitute valuable tools for molecular typing of Ph. damselae ssp. piscicida strains, which can be used in epidemiological studies of photobacteriosis infections.
Subject(s)
Animals , Bacterial Typing Techniques/methods , DNA Fingerprinting/methods , Genetic Variation , Photobacterium/classification , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Fishes/microbiology , Photobacterium/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/geneticsABSTRACT
Mulberry is the sole food source for mulberry silkworm and a number of indigenous and exotic varieties are used in sericulture. Studies on assessment of genetic diversity have been done amongst a few mulberry varieties using one or at the most two methods. However, no comprehensive study on a large number of varieties has been carried out. In present study, single primer amplification reaction (SPAR) methods have been used for determination of diversity in 27 mulberry varieties (exotic as well as indigenous), using four minisatellite core sequence primers for directed amplification of minisatellite DNA (DAMD), three simple sequence repeat (SSR) motifs as primers for inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and 20 arbitrary sequence decamer primers for ran-dom amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) reactions. The Jaccard coefficients were determined for the DAMD, ISSR and RAPD band data (total of 58, 39 and 235 bands respectively). All three methods revealed wide range of distances supporting a wide range of mulberry genetic diversity. A cumulative analysis of the data generated by three methods resulted in a neighbour-joining (NJ) tree that gave a better reflection of the relatedness and affinities of the varieties to each other. Comparison of the three methods by marker indices and the Mantel test of correlation indicated that though all methods were useful for the assessment of diversity in mulberry, the DAMD method was better. When considered as two groups (10 exotic and 17 indigenous varieties), the mulberry varieties in the exotic group were found to have slightly greater diversity than the indigenous ones. These results support the concept of naturalization of mulberry varieties at locales distant from their origins.
Subject(s)
Cluster Analysis , DNA, Plant/genetics , Genetic Markers/genetics , Genetic Variation , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Morus/classification , Phylogeny , Plant Leaves/chemistry , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Polymorphism, Genetic , Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique/methods , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/geneticsABSTRACT
Internally Transcribed Spacers (ITS) characterization and distribution of Repetitive Extragenic Palindromic (REP) sequences were studied in the genome of 223 field isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis from Madurai, India. They were characterized by morphological, biochemical and molecular methods. One hundred and twenty four of a total 223 isolates fitted ITS characterization of B. thuringiensis varieties known. Significant genomic variation was observed among seven isolates using REP primers. The ITS PCR product (EMBL accession number AJ639659) exhibited 98% nucleotide sequence homology with B. thuringiensis and placed the origin of indigenous isolate LDC-7 closer to B. thuringiensis on the basis of phylogenetic analysis.
Subject(s)
Bacillus thuringiensis/genetics , Bacterial Typing Techniques , DNA Primers/chemistry , DNA, Intergenic , DNA, Ribosomal/genetics , Electrophoresis, Agar Gel , Genes, Bacterial , Genetic Techniques , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Molecular Sequence Data , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics , TemperatureABSTRACT
Unstable mutations or amplification of DNA tandem repeats sequences constitute a new kind of genetic alteration discovered in the 90's that cause hereditary diseases. This mutation has been found inside or near important genes involved in the normal neurological function in human beings. In some cases, the presence of the amplification causes altered expression of the genes, their inactivation or the synthesis of a protein with new functions. Some common characteristics of these diseases are that they affect the central nervous system and are degenerative in nature. Most of them show genetic anticipation meaning that the severity of the manifestations increases in each generation and appear at an earlier age. In most cases, the severity of the symptoms is positively correlated with the size of the amplification. Twenty illnesses caused by this kind of mutations have been identified so far. Briefly, this work reviews the current knowledge about this topic.
Subject(s)
Humans , Genetic Counseling , Mutation/genetics , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics , Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/genetics , Genetic Predisposition to Disease , Heredodegenerative Disorders, Nervous System/diagnosis , Predictive Value of TestsABSTRACT
We analyzed 128 chromosomes for the D4S139 (pH30) locus and determined the allelic frequency of our sampling using the 31 fixed-bin key table. Using the frequency distribution of this locus in the different population database available, we compared our sample with eight distinct populations through scatter plot. Our result corroborates the notion that, in forensic science, there is no significant difference among polulations. We also typed 12 different individuals for four loci (D4S139, D1S7, D10S28, D2S44) and 3 profiles of three loci (D4S139, D1S7, D10S28). Individual genotype frequency was determined for each population. Whatever reference population database used, the result showed that each person has a very genotype frequency, ranging from 10E-11 to 10E-13, for four loci typing, and from 10E-07 to 10-E10, for three loci typing. As stated before, these results indicate that the statistical differences found among populations do not interfere in forensic science application and therefore, the use of a general population database will not produce a biased result.
Subject(s)
Humans , Gene Frequency , Genetic Techniques , Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid/genetics , Brazil , Racial Groups/geneticsABSTRACT
Se demostró la presencia de una secuencia repetitiva en el DNA del Mycobacterium bovis BCG. Esta secuencia se encontró también en el DNA de M. tuberculosis, pero no se detectó en M. Kansasii, M. flavescens, M. fortuitum, M. vaccae, M. leprae, M. phlei, M. smagmatis y M. marinum. Esta secuencia repetitiva fue muy polimorfa en M. tuberculosis pero no en BCG. El análisis de hidridización sugiere que la secuencia repetitiva fue muy polimorfa en M. tuberculosis pero no en BCG. El análisis de hibridización sugiere que la secuencia repetitiva podría ser útil en la identificación de Mycobacterium patógeno en muestras clínicas